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Less than one-third of COPD patients with comorbid depression or anxiety symptoms are receiving appropriate treatment.

The cause(s) of depression and anxiety symptoms are multifactorial and include behavioural, social and biological factors. Depression and anxiety are challenging to identify and treat because their symptoms often overlap with those of COPD. ABSTRACT Under-recognised and untreated depression and anxiety symptoms have deleterious effects on physical functioning and social interaction increasing fatigue and healthcare utilisation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Yohannes, Dept of Health Professions, The Research Institute for Health and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M13 0JA, UK. 2 Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, White Plains, NY, USA. Alexopoulos 2 Affiliations: 1 Dept of Health Professions, The Research Institute for Health and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK. 1 REVIEW COPD Depression and anxiety in patients with COPD Abebaw M.